The SLU-PP-332 peptide is a synthetic compound crucial for research into metabolic processes, exhibiting a unique molecular structure that offers significant affinity for the ERRα receptor. This article delves deep into the characteristics of SLU-PP-332, including its synthesis, receptor interaction, and laboratory assays validating its quality. Researchers often encounter challenges in confirming peptide activity and quality, making a comprehensive understanding of these elements essential. This discussion will not only cover the peptide’s molecular structure but also explore its binding mechanisms and the analytical methods employed to assess its potency and purity. Finally, we’ll address the practical applications of SLU-PP-332 in research environments and outline safe handling practices.
What is the Molecular Structure and Chemical Composition of SLU-PP-332 Peptide?
SLU-PP-332 is known chemically as 4-Hydroxy-N’-(2-naphthylmethylene)benzohydrazide, a synthetic small-molecule peptide with the molecular formula C₁₈H₁₄N₂O₂. The molecular mass of this compound is approximately 290.32 g/mol, allowing for efficient interactions within biological systems. This peptide demonstrates a strong affinity for the ERRα receptor, with an EC50 value around 98 nM, indicating its potential effectiveness in metabolic research.
How is SLU-PP-332 synthesized and characterized chemically?
The synthesis of SLU-PP-332 involves several key methods, including solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) and various purification techniques to assure high purity levels. Characterization of the peptide is typically achieved through analytical methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry, which confirm the compound’s identity and verify purity standards.
Recent scientific literature highlights the compound’s capability to function as a potent synthetic chemical tool for in vivo metabolic studies.
SLU-PP-332: ERRα Agonist Research and Activity Here, we report the identification of a synthetic ERR pan agonist, SLU-PP-332, that targets all three ERRs but has the highest potency for ERRα. Additionally, SLU-PP-332 has sufficient pharmacokinetic properties to be used as an in vivo chemical tool. SLU-PP-332 increases mitochondrial function and cellular respiration in a skeletal muscle cell line. Synthetic ERRα/β/γ agonist induces an ERRα-dependent acute aerobic exercise response and enhances exercise capacity, S Banerjee, 2023
What are the key molecular properties and amino acid sequence of SLU-PP-332?
The molecular properties of SLU-PP-332 include its solubility profile, stability under physiological conditions, and the uniqueness of its amino acid sequence. The compound demonstrates stability conducive to a variety of research applications, often exceeding purity levels of 99%. The specific amino acid sequence determines its functionality and interaction with biological receptors, enhancing its utility in scientific studies.
How Does SLU-PP-332 Bind to the ERRα Receptor?
The SLU-PP-332 peptide acts as a pan-ERR agonist, mimicking the effects of exercise by providing significant benefits in metabolic modulation. Understanding the binding dynamics between SLU-PP-332 and the ERRα receptor elucidates the mechanisms behind its biological efficacy.
Extensive research into the regulatory pathways of these receptors confirms their critical role in modulating energy expenditure and overall metabolic health.
SLU-PP-332: Mechanism and Metabolic Research Overview SLU-PP-332, a synthetic agonist of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), has emerged as a promising exercise mimetic, demonstrating preclinical efficacy in enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and energy expenditure. This brief review synthesizes current knowledge on SLU-PP-332 and related ERRα agonists, highlighting their molecular mechanisms, preclinical outcomes, translational challenges, and ethical considerations. RETRACTED-SLU-PP-332 AND RELATED ERRα AGONISTS: A FOCUSED MINIREVIEW OF METABOLIC REGULATION, AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL, 2025
What is the biological role of the ERRα receptor in peptide interaction?
ERRα receptors play a pivotal role in metabolic responsiveness, influencing pathways related to energy metabolism and gene expression. The activation of these receptors by SLU-PP-332 promotes enhanced cellular energy use and may contribute to improved metabolic health.
Which binding assays demonstrate SLU-PP-332 affinity for ERRα?
Several binding assays are employed to validate the interaction between SLU-PP-332 and the ERRα receptor. Techniques such as radiolabeled ligand binding assays and surface plasmon resonance provide quantitative measures of affinity, demonstrating SLU-PP-332’s strong binding characteristics and potential therapeutic applications.
Which Analytical Laboratory Assays Validate SLU-PP-332 Peptide Quality and Activity?
Analytical methods are crucial for ensuring the quality and activity of SLU-PP-332. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is commonly utilized to assess the purity of the peptide, while mass spectrometry confirms its molecular identity. These methods play a vital role in research, facilitating the validation of peptide grades for various studies.
Beyond standard purity checks, structure-based design research underscores the peptide’s ability to facilitate significant physiological improvements in specific cardiac models.
SLU-PP-332: Molecular Structure and Cardiac Benefits Using a structure-based design approach, we designed and synthesized two structurally distinct pan-ERR agonists, SLU-PP-332 (332) and SLU-PP-915 (915), which significantly improved ejection fraction and ameliorated fibrosis against pressure overload-induced heart failure without affecting cardiac hypertrophy. Mechanistically, a broad-spectrum of metabolic genes were transcriptionally activated by ERR agonists, particularly genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function Novel ERR pan-agonists ameliorate heart failure through boosting cardiac fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function, 2022
What analytical methods confirm SLU-PP-332 peptide purity and potency?
HPLC and mass spectrometry stand out as the primary analytical methods for evaluating peptide purity and potency. HPLC allows for the quantification of impurities, while mass spectrometry yields precise molecular weight measurements, ensuring that SLU-PP-332 meets the required quality standards for research applications.
How are external lab assay certificates used for validation?
Certificates of analysis (COAs) from accredited laboratories substantiate the quality claims of SLU-PP-332. These documents provide detailed information regarding the peptide’s purity, potency, and batch testing results, thus ensuring that researchers can rely on the product for accurate experimental outcomes.
What Are the Research Applications and Usage Guidelines for SLU-PP-332 Peptide?
SLU-PP-332 is predominantly utilized in metabolic research studies, focusing on its interactions with cellular receptors and potential therapeutic effects. Proper understanding of its applications allows researchers to maximize the peptide’s benefits in experimental contexts, establishing guidelines for safe and effective utilization.
How do qualified researchers apply SLU-PP-332 in molecular and pharmacodynamic studies?
In scientific studies, SLU-PP-332 is applied to investigate metabolic pathways and pharmacodynamics, with researchers designing experiments to assess its effects on energy metabolism. Its application spans various areas, including pharmaceutical research and metabolic disease studies.
What are the ordering procedures and recommended handling practices for SLU-PP-332?
To maintain the integrity and efficacy of SLU-PP-332, it is essential to follow specific ordering procedures and handling practices. Researchers should ensure that the peptide is stored in a cool, dry place and that exposure to light is minimized to preserve its properties. Ordering should be conducted through reputable suppliers, which specialize in research peptides including SLU-PP-332, ensuring high-quality standards and reliable delivery.
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